Understanding Age Demographic Shifts in Irish Farming

Understanding Age Demographic Shifts in Irish Farming

Irish farming is experiencing significant changes in age demographics. In particular, the average age of an Irish farmer has significantly increased and a substantial proportion are now over 60 years old. These shifts in demographics have significant implications for the future of agriculture in Ireland. Understanding these trends, and what they mean, can help farmers and policymakers make more informed decisions.

Current Age Demographics

The average age of farmers in Ireland is increasing, which inevitably presents a series of challenges for the agriculture sector. According to recent data, the average age of a famer in Ireland is 57 years old. There are numerous factors which contribute to this but the main reason is that many young people are now moving away from rural areas to seek better employment opportunities in cities. This trend is leading to an aging farming population. 

As a result, farm succession is becoming a critical issue. Ensuring the seamless transfer of farms to younger generations is essential. Without effective succession planning, there is a risk of losing valuable farming knowledge and skills. Moreover, the reluctance of younger generations to take up farming can result in farms being left without successors, potentially leading to land abandonment and decreased agricultural productivity. According to recent data, around 48% of Irish farm families have yet to identify a successor. Although this is an improvement from 69% in the previous year, a staggering 94% of farmers believe there are still substantial challenges in planning for succession​.

Families desperately need to discuss and plan for the future. This includes addressing sensitive topics such as inheritance, roles, and responsibilities. Early planning allows for a smoother transition and helps to avoid conflicts and uncertainties. To add, this may also involve considering options such as transferring ownership to younger family members or selling the farm to new entrants. 

However, there are a series of methods which may also increase the probability of younger generations taking up farming as a lifelong profession. Firstly, by integrating agricultural education into the curriculum (to a much greater extent) and offering specialised training programs, young people can gain the skills and knowledge needed for modern farming. Institutions like Teagasc, the Agriculture and Food Development Authority in Ireland, provide a range of agricultural courses and training programs that focus on innovative farming techniques and sustainable practices. Promoting and encouraging these programs much more can help inspire interest in agricultural careers from a younger age. 

Providing financial incentives and support can significantly aid young farmers in starting their own operations. Government programs such as the Young Farmers Scheme offer top-up payments on direct payments for young farmers under the age of 40 who are setting up an agricultural activity for the first time. In 2023, the scheme provided an additional payment to over 6,000 young farmers in Ireland. Moreover, grants like the Succession Planning Advice Grant, which offers up to €1,500 to cover advisory costs, can help older farmers plan for succession, thereby making it easier for young people to take over farms​

Lastly, the adoption of modern technology can greatly improve farm efficiency and productivity, making farming a more attractive career choice. Technologies such as precision farming, and automated machinery can help streamline operations and reduce labor costs. Over 20% of Irish farmers are now using precision agriculture technologies, with 15% using drones and automated machinery​.

Conclusion

The age demographic shifts in Irish farming present both challenges and opportunities. By understanding these trends, stakeholders can take proactive steps to ensure the sustainability of the agricultural sector. Encouraging youth involvement thorugh education and training programmes, planning for succession, and embracing technology are key strategies to address the aging farmer population.

With the right support and planning, the future of Irish farming can be bright and prosperous.

*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.