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<h3>Introduction</h3><p>Not too long ago, it felt like the sky was the limit for Irish dairy. When EU milk quotas were scrapped in 2015, it sparked a wave of optimism across the country. Farmers who’d been held back by decades of restrictions were finally free to expand, and many didn’t hesitate.</p><p>Milk flowed, herds grew, and the industry surged ahead. Between 2015 and 2020, milk output shot up by over 40%, and Ireland’s dairy herd climbed from around 1.2 million cows in 2010 to over 1.6 million in 2022. Exports boomed too, hitting €6.3 billion in 2022, with Irish butter and cheese reaching tables as far afield as China, Africa and the Middle East.</p><p>But fast-forward to today, and things are starting to shift. That era of unbridled growth is beginning to fade into the background — not because the sector has failed, but because the world around it has changed.</p><figure id="figure-ng61a04n0um8rj9ghu"><img id="ng61a04n0um8rj9ghu" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2cHxkcAdMC17xSvCl4LxKZp82BHNj63VwYOxDOlXSjVousfN0sblpMy6Zaj6n11v.jpeg" alt="irish dairy farm" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2cHxkcAdMC17xSvCl4LxKZp82BHNj63VwYOxDOlXSjVousfN0sblpMy6Zaj6n11v.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>From Expansion to Reflection</h3><p>The story now isn’t about ‘more’ — it’s about how we farm, not how much. Climate targets, environmental rules, rising costs, and an evolving market have all conspired to change the direction of travel.</p><p>Farming is still the backbone of rural Ireland, but it’s under more scrutiny than ever. Agriculture is responsible for around 37.5% of Ireland’s total greenhouse gas emissions. Within that, the dairy sector contributes roughly 21%, mostly from methane and fertilisers. It’s not an easy figure to ignore — and policy-makers, the public and even processors are watching closely.</p><p>As a result, Irish farmers are facing a new reality: one where sustainability, efficiency, and resilience are taking centre stage.</p><figure id="figure-m8u4ee8vcm8rj9m0t" class=""><img id="m8u4ee8vcm8rj9m0t" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/875237212/photo/getting-the-milk-ready-for-the-calves.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=aztlucrAjtVKVUK6U5aCA02EQeqX8hZafusdTrwdhLo=" alt="Getting the milk ready for the calves" title="Getting the milk ready for the calves" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/875237212/photo/getting-the-milk-ready-for-the-calves.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=aztlucrAjtVKVUK6U5aCA02EQeqX8hZafusdTrwdhLo=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Regulations Tighten the Screws</h3><p>Few changes have landed harder on the ground than the recent revisions to the nitrates rules. From 2024, Ireland’s nitrates derogation dropped from 250 kg N/ha to 220 kg N/ha in many parts of the country. For around 3,000 affected farmers— particularly those in the Golden Vale and other high-stocked regions — this has created a serious headache.</p><p>Some are being forced to cut cow numbers. Others are scrambling to lease extra land. All of them are trying to balance compliance with the day-to-day reality of running a viable business.</p><p>And it’s not happening in a vacuum. Input costs — especially fertiliser — have been volatile, peaking at €1,200 per tonne in 2022. Labour is scarce, with over 60% of dairy farmers struggling to find staff, according to Teagasc.</p><p>Overlay that with the Climate Action Plan, which demands a 25% cut in agricultural emissions by 2030, and you’ve got a sector under significant pressure to change — and fast.</p><figure id="figure-8o24swc0mim8rj9seh"><img id="8o24swc0mim8rj9seh" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/884499410/photo/these-cows-are-hand-fed.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=KgkPmslmPKgBlQ1QH-FwRzjBUGzM00mWAEGD-lpbCW4=" alt="These cows are hand fed" title="These cows are hand fed" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/884499410/photo/these-cows-are-hand-fed.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=KgkPmslmPKgBlQ1QH-FwRzjBUGzM00mWAEGD-lpbCW4=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Market Diversification and Value Addition</h3><p>To thrive in the post-boom landscape, diversification is essential. The Irish dairy industry is exploring new markets and product lines to mitigate the risks associated with fluctuating demand. By expanding into international markets and developing value-added products, such as specialty cheeses and dairy-based nutritional products, Irish dairying can maintain its competitive edge.</p><p>Collaborations with food scientists and innovation centers are aiding in the development of unique dairy products that cater to changing consumer preferences. This strategic approach not only enhances market presence but also adds value to the existing product portfolio.</p><figure id="figure-wrqn9e1x8m8rj9vt3"><img id="wrqn9e1x8m8rj9vt3" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/884527740/photo/he-needs-his-milk.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=YlsQqwsGZ5XCffYs6gx_1b1yhYnesYwa73gRG-OCiDY=" alt="He needs his milk" title="He needs his milk" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/884527740/photo/he-needs-his-milk.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=YlsQqwsGZ5XCffYs6gx_1b1yhYnesYwa73gRG-OCiDY=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>The Global Picture: A Complicated Trade Landscape</h3><p>While the challenges at home are very real, Irish dairy also faces a shifting global landscape — and that can be just as unpredictable.</p><p>International trade has always played a central role in the sector. Over 90% of Ireland’s dairy output is exported, making us highly exposed to global politics and market shifts. In recent years, we’ve seen just how vulnerable that makes us.</p><p>During Donald Trump’s presidency, the US imposed stiff tariffs — up to 25% — on a range of EU agri-food products, including iconic Irish dairy items like butter and cheddar. The move, linked to a wider dispute over aircraft subsidies, hit Irish exporters hard. Some were forced to pull back; others took the financial hit just to keep their place in the market.</p><p>Although many of those tariffs were eased under President Biden, the lesson was clear: global politics can shake things at farm level, and fast. With Trump once again running for office, there’s real concern that a second term could bring renewed tariffs or other trade disruptions.</p><p>Beyond the US, competition is heating up globally. Demand from China — once a key driver of global dairy prices — has cooled. Buyers in Europe are placing more weight on carbon footprints, animal welfare, and traceability. And new players are entering the market, often with lower production costs.</p><p>In short: quality isn’t enough anymore. Irish dairy must now compete on sustainability credentials too — and that’s reshaping everything from breeding choices to packaging.</p><figure id="figure-7yr26bzvcbm8rjfga5" class=""><img id="7yr26bzvcbm8rjfga5" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1171050126/photo/aerial-view-of-island-magee-county-antrim.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=jZWaLm-U02VvgTR2hqD-9wQbE3qxmniJBrI1s_WJCO4=" alt="Aerial view of Island Magee, County Antrim" title="Aerial view of Island Magee, County Antrim" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1171050126/photo/aerial-view-of-island-magee-county-antrim.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=jZWaLm-U02VvgTR2hqD-9wQbE3qxmniJBrI1s_WJCO4=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Adapting on the Ground</h3><p>So, how are farmers responding?</p><p>Some farmers are getting ahead of the curve. Technology is starting to make a real difference — from precision grazing systems and real-time herd monitoring, to soil testing and low-emission slurry spreading (LESS).</p><p>The uptake of LESS has been particularly encouraging — used on over 70% of farms now, up from just 20% in 2016. It’s reducing ammonia loss, improving nutrient efficiency, and helping farmers stay within regulatory limits.</p><p>Selective breeding is also proving its worth. By choosing cows with better feed efficiency and lower methane output, farmers are seeing productivity gains of 5–10% per animal. It’s not flashy, but it adds up — and it’s part of a wider shift towards farming smarter, not harder.</p><figure id="figure-rqopduvnzsm8rjgfcn" class=""><img id="rqopduvnzsm8rjgfcn" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1323389501/photo/grass-and-daisy-covered-rural-lane-lined-on-either-side-by-hedgerows.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=E0KLNS76icwz01SQ-v0b-X07y4PIFTmMx_eYV3anb6k=" alt="Grass and daisy covered rural lane, lined on either side by hedgerows" title="Grass and daisy covered rural lane, lined on either side by hedgerows" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1323389501/photo/grass-and-daisy-covered-rural-lane-lined-on-either-side-by-hedgerows.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=E0KLNS76icwz01SQ-v0b-X07y4PIFTmMx_eYV3anb6k=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>There’s no sugar-coating it — Irish dairying is going through a period of real adjustment. The old model of endless growth is being replaced by something more cautious, more nuanced. And that’s not a bad thing.</p><p>But it does mean farmers are being asked to carry a heavier load — to be food producers, environmental stewards, data managers, and compliance officers, all at once.</p><p>The good news? Irish farmers are nothing if not resilient. They’ve adapted to quotas, Brexit, extreme weather, and volatile markets. They’ll adapt again. But they’ll need support — not just in the form of grants or schemes, but with clear direction, practical tools, and a fair slice of respect.</p><p>At The Informed Farmer Consultancy, we work with dairy farmers every day who are rising to the challenge. They’re not looking for handouts — they’re looking for workable solutions, long-term thinking, and a bit of common sense.</p><p>Because this next phase of Irish dairying isn’t about scaling back. It’s about scaling better — building a sector that’s cleaner, leaner, and future-proofed.</p><p>The world still wants Irish dairy. But it wants it with integrity, transparency, and a lighter footprint. And if we get this right — we won’t just stay competitive. We’ll lead the way.</p><p><br></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

Irish Dairying: Navigating the Post-Boom Landscape

Hydrogen Storage Compartments And Hydrogen Tanks On Seacoast. Energy Storage System

<h3>Introduction</h3><p>Ireland is known worldwide for its lush countryside, picturesque villages, and the vibrant streets of Dublin—all regularly featured in memorable films and TV shows. But now, something just as exciting is happening off-screen: Ireland’s film industry is stepping forward with an inspiring commitment to sustainability, introducing hydrogen-powered generators for the first time ever on an Irish film set.</p><figure id="figure-gbm2mhhbvtm8or8fq1"><img id="gbm2mhhbvtm8or8fq1" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1184600419/photo/a-modern-empty-cinema-movie-theatre-with-rows-of-dark-seating-and-spot-lights-shining-down.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=VVp3GCgfw5CGl_J7XYihgTbYuTsIukavmY-GXjtWF2Y=" alt="a modern empty cinema movie theatre with rows of dark seating and spot lights shining down with red walls" title="a modern empty cinema movie theatre with rows of dark seating and spot lights shining down with red walls" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1184600419/photo/a-modern-empty-cinema-movie-theatre-with-rows-of-dark-seating-and-spot-lights-shining-down.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=VVp3GCgfw5CGl_J7XYihgTbYuTsIukavmY-GXjtWF2Y=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>A Groundbreaking Production in the Making</h3><p>Right now, filming is underway for an eagerly anticipated Irish movie starring the talented Chinese-Irish actor Steven He. However, this film won’t just be remembered for its captivating story or exceptional acting—it will also be recognised as Ireland’s very first film production powered by hydrogen technology, replacing the traditional diesel generators typically found humming behind the scenes.</p><p>This innovative step marks a big change for the Irish film industry, challenging the idea that film sets must rely on polluting fuels to meet their energy demands. Instead, the crew are pioneering a cleaner, greener way of making films—a move that’s as creative as it is practical.</p><figure id="figure-w2bngg4g7m8or4uya" class=""><img id="w2bngg4g7m8or4uya" src="https://cdn.durable.co/blocks/2axzSrMW2Fb23AtfxPr65W3Mbptxh1AgoJjAFNeam4KzbJh4oPWuGMM83DeJIyoa.png" alt="" title="" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/blocks/2axzSrMW2Fb23AtfxPr65W3Mbptxh1AgoJjAFNeam4KzbJh4oPWuGMM83DeJIyoa.png" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Why Does Hydrogen Power Matter? Let’s Talk Numbers</h3><p>Film productions traditionally rely heavily on diesel generators, which come with significant environmental consequences. In fact, the average feature-length film generates around 500 tonnes of CO₂ emissions—to put that into perspective, that’s roughly equivalent to the annual carbon emissions from around 100 petrol-powered cars. And across the water in the UK, film and TV productions collectively produce about 840,000 tonnes of CO₂ each year, much of which comes directly from these diesel-fuelled generators.</p><p>Enter hydrogen-powered generators. Unlike their diesel counterparts, hydrogen generators release zero carbon emissions, producing only water vapour as their by-product. That means no harmful emissions, no pollutants, and cleaner air for everyone involved—cast, crew, and local communities alike.</p><figure id="figure-is92vova3mm8oqy7xf" class=""><img id="is92vova3mm8oqy7xf" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/156OXsC2ICefJ8tUcxddPJzOVp1E9ttQ3mIoJ19TBiljuSmgZF0rNirHaWeXJonL.jpeg" alt="hydrogen energy" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/156OXsC2ICefJ8tUcxddPJzOVp1E9ttQ3mIoJ19TBiljuSmgZF0rNirHaWeXJonL.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>County Meath and Dublin Leading the Way</h3><p>Filming has already started in County Meath’s scenic countryside and Dublin’s bustling city centre—both beloved by filmmakers for their unique charm and character. But beyond their visual appeal, these locations are now becoming leaders in sustainability by successfully hosting Ireland’s first hydrogen-powered film set.</p><p>What’s especially exciting about this is that it demonstrates how easily green technology can fit into everyday filming activities. It proves that filmmakers don’t have to compromise creativity for sustainability. County Meath and Dublin have set a brilliant example, showing that clean energy can seamlessly power productions, whether filming occurs in a tranquil rural landscape or a busy urban setting.</p><figure id="figure-6zvt3icjrm8orbivr" class=""><img id="6zvt3icjrm8orbivr" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2148188729/photo/aerial-view-of-cathedral-and-park-from-saint-patricks-park-dublin-aerial-view-of-historic-st.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=ChQJ12krHt8LkFy3eP_sFPgfbzBxxUY8hZAMfnZxF08=" alt="Aerial view of cathedral and park from Saint Patrick's Park-Dublin, Aerial view of historic St. Patrick's Cathedral in the heart of Ireland, Christ Church Cathedral, Aerial view of people walking in saint Patrick park, Public park fountain" title="Aerial view of cathedral and park from Saint Patrick's Park-Dublin, Aerial view of historic St. Patrick's Cathedral in the heart of Ireland, Christ Church Cathedral, Aerial view of people walking in saint Patrick park, Public park fountain" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2148188729/photo/aerial-view-of-cathedral-and-park-from-saint-patricks-park-dublin-aerial-view-of-historic-st.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=ChQJ12krHt8LkFy3eP_sFPgfbzBxxUY8hZAMfnZxF08=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Actor Steven He Brings Star Power to Sustainability</h3><p>Steven He’s involvement in this landmark project offers another layer of inspiration. Known for his captivating performances, Steven is also becoming a prominent advocate for sustainability behind the scenes. By lending his name and support to the project, he’s helping draw attention to the importance of eco-friendly filmmaking.</p><p>This kind of celebrity advocacy matters, as it encourages others in the industry—and audiences at large—to recognise that sustainability is something everyone can support. After all, when respected figures like Steven champion sustainability, the message becomes even more powerful.</p><figure id="figure-i8xh8fm5um8orcuky" class=""><img id="i8xh8fm5um8orcuky" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/187575588/photo/solar-panel-on-roof-with-dublin-city-in-the-background.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=TiwlJiIrVM0qKkiTERO5m4YALD_lbfg37vrUjWUZBnw=" alt="solar panel on roof with Dublin city in the background" title="solar panel on roof with Dublin city in the background" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/187575588/photo/solar-panel-on-roof-with-dublin-city-in-the-background.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=TiwlJiIrVM0qKkiTERO5m4YALD_lbfg37vrUjWUZBnw=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Ireland’s Commitment to a Greener Future</h3><p>This isn’t a standalone event—it’s part of a wider trend. Ireland has already established itself as a global leader in adopting renewable energy. Hydrogen energy, specifically, has become a key area of interest worldwide, with the global hydrogen market, valued at around €1.1 billion in 2020, expected to nearly double by 2030.</p><p>This innovative film production aligns with Ireland’s broader goals of sustainability and renewable energy adoption, positioning the country as a frontrunner in green technology. And this initiative shows just how impactful Ireland’s creative industries can be, potentially inspiring broader changes across other sectors too.</p><figure id="figure-8j012gjd6m8orf7x5" class=""><img id="8j012gjd6m8orf7x5" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1048975512/photo/solar-panel-with-cityscape-of-dublin-ireland.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=j9mTGCYtzVNNsHPqrMFzkoD0eACcoHeU27pPWhtUtvI=" alt="Solar Panel with Cityscape of Dublin, Ireland" title="Solar Panel with Cityscape of Dublin, Ireland" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1048975512/photo/solar-panel-with-cityscape-of-dublin-ireland.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=j9mTGCYtzVNNsHPqrMFzkoD0eACcoHeU27pPWhtUtvI=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Setting New Standards for Sustainable Film Production</h3><p>The success of this hydrogen-powered film could very well set a new benchmark for sustainability across the global film industry. Recently, similar international projects have successfully utilised hydrogen generators, reliably powering film sets with substantial clean energy—sometimes more than 200kVA of power. These examples prove it’s not just possible but entirely practical.</p><p>Imagine if productions across Ireland and internationally followed this lead. We could dramatically cut emissions, improve air quality, and accelerate the industry’s journey towards global sustainability goals.</p><figure id="figure-zki7x3uu8m8orgbfz" class=""><img id="zki7x3uu8m8orgbfz" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1165566096/photo/video-camera-close-up.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=HzbeXOUw2CBPN2upU8TkxWDXqb6OQ5YNMNp3oVsisNE=" alt="Video Camera Close-up" title="Video Camera Close-up" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1165566096/photo/video-camera-close-up.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=HzbeXOUw2CBPN2upU8TkxWDXqb6OQ5YNMNp3oVsisNE=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><br>As we eagerly await the release of Steven He’s latest film, there’s more reason to celebrate than just its cinematic achievements. This production represents something bigger: a shift towards environmentally responsible filmmaking.</p><p>Ireland’s film industry is already celebrated globally for its creativity and storytelling. Now, with initiatives like this, it could also be known as a leader in sustainable practices, demonstrating clearly that the future of filmmaking can—and should—be green.</p><p>Stay tuned as this exciting journey unfolds, and let’s celebrate Ireland’s inspiring step toward sustainability—both on and off screen.</p><p><br data-mce-bogus="1"></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

Irish Film Industry Goes Green: Hydrogen Power Takes Centre Stage in Steven He’s Latest Film

Genetically-engineered red and white strawberries held in the palm of a cyborg. Background is the base code of mRNA.

<h3>Introduction&nbsp;</h3><p>With the world’s population set to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, ensuring we have enough food to go around is becoming increasingly difficult. Climate change, soil degradation, and supply chain pressures are making it harder for farmers to keep up with demand. With so much uncertainty, scientists are turning to gene editing as a potential solution—one that could help create stronger, higher-yielding, and more resilient crops.</p><p>But is gene editing really the answer to food security? Or does it raise more questions than it answers?</p><figure id="figure-xi27yq4yzrm8daybl1"><img id="xi27yq4yzrm8daybl1" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/4RgwXHC3jZX5ase7okn836ngLhFPf8FdIMomtLnG2TsrC0uw9cnN4vmHvsgI7lVe.jpeg" alt="gene editing crops" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/4RgwXHC3jZX5ase7okn836ngLhFPf8FdIMomtLnG2TsrC0uw9cnN4vmHvsgI7lVe.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h2>How Gene Editing Works</h2><p>The most popular method for gene editing is CRISPR-Cas9, a technology that allows scientists to "cut" specific parts of the DNA sequence and "paste" desired traits. This level of precision enables the development of crops that are not only more resilient but also more nutritious.</p><p>For instance, scientists can use CRISPR to develop drought-resistant crops, which is crucial as climate change continues to affect water availability. The potential for creating crops with enhanced nutritional profiles, such as higher vitamin content, is also being explored.</p><figure id="figure-66oqoffbghm8dayo8e"><img id="66oqoffbghm8dayo8e" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/15jGloYhmMIbvcgD5cN7kIZDNQqygd3op9CKHc7vEKJ5C6AiCAYvplAMcqSTVb5Q.jpeg" alt="future agriculture" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/15jGloYhmMIbvcgD5cN7kIZDNQqygd3op9CKHc7vEKJ5C6AiCAYvplAMcqSTVb5Q.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>How Gene Editing Could Help Farmers</h3><p><strong>1. Bigger and Better Yields:</strong><br>As food demand soars, farmers are under pressure to produce more without expanding farmland. Gene editing can help create faster-growing, higher-yielding crops that thrive even in poor soil or harsh conditions.</p><p><strong>2. Stronger Crops That Fight Off Disease</strong><br>Every year, farmers lose billions due to plant diseases. Gene editing can help crops develop natural immunity to common threats like fungi and bacteria, meaning fewer pesticides and more reliable harvests.</p><p><strong>3. Less Need for Fertilisers and Chemicals</strong><br>Some gene-edited plants have been designed to absorb nutrients more efficiently, meaning they need less fertiliser to grow well. Others have been made naturally resistant to pests, cutting down the need for chemical sprays.</p><p><strong>4.Crops That Can Survive Extreme Weather</strong><br>With more droughts, floods, and heatwaves happening across the world, climate-resilient crops could be a game-changer. Scientists are already working on drought-resistant maize and flood-tolerant rice to help farmers cope with the unpredictable weather.</p><p><strong>5.More Nutritious Food</strong><br>Gene editing isn’t just about improving farming—it could also help people eat better. Scientists are developing wheat with lower gluten levels, vitamin-enriched bananas, and even allergy-free peanuts to tackle common dietary concerns.<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><figure id="figure-k0n1rouuwm8db2wai" class=""><img id="k0n1rouuwm8db2wai" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/186809184/photo/farmer-with-freshly-harvested-potatoes.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=mpwIqw5tJcJPxoybPo-tlqfeyjVGrZ4VYA8i4yiTC8U=" alt="Farmer with freshly harvested potatoes" title="Farmer with freshly harvested potatoes" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/186809184/photo/farmer-with-freshly-harvested-potatoes.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=mpwIqw5tJcJPxoybPo-tlqfeyjVGrZ4VYA8i4yiTC8U=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Where Does Gene Editing Stand Around the World?</h3><p>Different countries have taken very different approaches to regulating gene-edited crops.</p><ul><li>The U.S. and China have fast-tracked approvals for gene-edited crops, meaning they can be developed and sold more easily. China has already approved gene-edited wheat, maize, and rice to help improve food security.</li><li>The European Union has traditionally been much stricter, treating gene-edited crops the same way as GMOs. However, this stance is now starting to shift, with discussions on easing restrictions to allow for wider use.</li><li>Public opinion is mixed. Some people are excited about the benefits, while others worry about long-term safety and ethical concerns. Studies suggest that consumers are more likely to accept gene-edited food if they can see a direct benefit, such as better nutrition or longer shelf life.&nbsp;</li></ul><figure id="figure-phvusblxkem8db4i74" class=""><img id="phvusblxkem8db4i74" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2160503361/photo/fresh-produce-at-farmers-market.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Wx1OI0_A_d-eOViV1QqXY55j-plei133wP7sNJwF_n8=" alt="Fresh produce at farmer's market" title="Fresh produce at farmer's market" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: undefined undefined;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2160503361/photo/fresh-produce-at-farmers-market.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Wx1OI0_A_d-eOViV1QqXY55j-plei133wP7sNJwF_n8=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: undefined undefined;"></figure><h3>What About Ireland?</h3><p>Ireland currently follows EU rules on gene-edited crops, meaning the technology has been heavily restricted so far. However, with the EU reviewing its stance, there’s a growing debate about whether Ireland should embrace gene editing to improve food security and sustainability.</p><p>If the rules change, Irish farmers could start using gene-edited crops to boost yields, improve disease resistance, and reduce the need for costly fertilisers. But public opinion and market demand will play a big role in how quickly the technology is adopted. As one of Europe’s biggest agricultural exporters, Ireland will need to balance innovation with consumer trust and environmental responsibility.</p><figure id="figure-pwjfg4mwoim8db62uv" class=""><img id="pwjfg4mwoim8db62uv" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2160563929/photo/plants-growing-in-field.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=2GYTMpGOOCQongsgwlgSPrF8GhQBiuGrTDUF2uBPiA0=" alt="Plants growing in field" title="Plants growing in field" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2160563929/photo/plants-growing-in-field.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=2GYTMpGOOCQongsgwlgSPrF8GhQBiuGrTDUF2uBPiA0=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Concerns and Ethical Questions</h3><p>Despite the potential benefits, gene editing isn’t without controversy. There are still big questions to answer before it becomes mainstream.</p><p><strong>1. Is It Completely Safe?</strong></p><p>Even though gene editing is precise, mistakes can still happen. Some modified crops have unexpectedly produced new allergens or toxins, which means rigorous safety checks are needed before they reach the food chain</p><p><strong>2. Could It Harm Biodiversity?</strong></p><p>If only a handful of gene-edited crops dominate the market, genetic diversity could decline, making food systems more vulnerable to pests and diseases. This has happened before—monoculture farming was partly to blame for the Irish Potato Famine.</p><p><strong>3. Who Controls the Technology?</strong></p><p>Most gene-editing patents are held by a few large biotech companies, raising concerns about who benefits from the technology. Will it truly help small farmers, or will it widen the gap between industrial and family-run agriculture?</p><p><strong>4. Will Consumers Accept It?</strong><br>Many people still don’t fully trust genetically modified food, and gene editing may face the same resistance. Transparency, education, and clear labelling will be key to building trust and helping consumers make informed choices.</p><figure id="figure-0fpnajvlhkm8db8rtl" class=""><img id="0fpnajvlhkm8db8rtl" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/516843064/photo/hands-holding-tomato-harvest-cluse-up.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=p_fezj5zo-IDraeBREQy5cEYHN4_CSODfFSiguLVGv4=" alt="Hands holding tomato harvest-cluse up" title="Hands holding tomato harvest-cluse up" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/516843064/photo/hands-holding-tomato-harvest-cluse-up.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=p_fezj5zo-IDraeBREQy5cEYHN4_CSODfFSiguLVGv4=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>So, Is Gene Editing the Future of Food Security?</h3><p>Several gene-edited crops are already being developed and tested, including:</p><ul><li>Longer-lasting tomatoes to help cut down on food waste.</li><li>Drought-resistant maize for unpredictable weather.</li><li>Disease-resistant wheat to reduce reliance on fungicides.</li><li>Healthier soybeans with better oil profiles for cooking.</li></ul><p><br>Governments and research institutions are investing in public breeding programmes to ensure gene editing benefits everyone, not just big agribusinesses. If properly managed, it could play a key role in creating a more sustainable and resilient food system.</p><figure id="figure-lfph0l445nm8dbarn8" class=""><img id="lfph0l445nm8dbarn8" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/644361982/photo/laboratory.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Twl1McjfjYhRHqevdLkHjutodQj0tx-tYi13i030Q9c=" alt="Laboratory" title="Laboratory" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/644361982/photo/laboratory.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Twl1McjfjYhRHqevdLkHjutodQj0tx-tYi13i030Q9c=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion&nbsp;</h3><p>Gene editing could transform agriculture, helping farmers grow stronger, more resilient, and higher-yielding crops in the face of climate change and food insecurity. It offers solutions like disease resistance, improved nutrition, and reduced reliance on fertilisers, but it also raises concerns around safety, biodiversity, and corporate control.</p><p>For Ireland, the future of gene editing depends on EU regulations and public trust. If restrictions ease, farmers could benefit from gene-edited crops, but balancing innovation with consumer confidence and sustainability will be key.</p><p>Ultimately, gene editing is a powerful tool, but not a cure-all. Its success will depend on responsible regulation, fair access, and transparent communication to ensure it benefits everyone—not just a select few.</p><p><br></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

Gene Editing in Crops: The Future of Food Security?

Caucasian Farmers Handshake in Cornfield at Sundown

<h3>Introduction&nbsp;</h3><p>In a previous discussion, we explored how U.S.-imposed tariffs have affected the Irish agricultural sector. Now, we’re shifting focus closer to home, looking at how these policies—along with labour shortages and rising supply chain costs—are making life increasingly difficult for American farmers.</p><p>Across the country, producers are facing mounting pressure. Trade disputes are threatening exports, fertiliser prices are skyrocketing, and a shrinking workforce is making it harder to keep farms running efficiently. These aren’t short-term issues—they’re shaping the future of U.S. agriculture in ways that could have long-lasting consequences.</p><figure id="figure-gfxmit5g5m8d7xh9c"><img id="gfxmit5g5m8d7xh9c" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2dOomqBLWk0sur9uXsuEftOD2aQbUy7CLEaAYC4UZA53yUJ89atVMV5xcYKpuFrh.jpeg" alt="farmer field" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2dOomqBLWk0sur9uXsuEftOD2aQbUy7CLEaAYC4UZA53yUJ89atVMV5xcYKpuFrh.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>Dairy Exports Under Pressure</h3><p>The U.S. dairy industry has long depended on exports to remain profitable. In 2024, dairy exports totalled over $8 billion—a record-breaking figure that demonstrated the industry’s global importance. Mexico remains the largest buyer, accounting for nearly a third of U.S. dairy exports.</p><p>But as trade tensions heat up, so does uncertainty for dairy farmers. Early 2025 saw the U.S. slap 25% tariffs on imports from Canada and Mexico, along with 20% tariffs on Chinese goods. Unsurprisingly, these countries responded with retaliatory measures, directly impacting American dairy exports.</p><p>For dairy farmers, this is a serious blow. Many operate on razor-thin profit margins, meaning that any disruption to international markets can quickly cause financial distress. If exports stall, an oversupply at home could drive prices down further, making it even harder to stay in business. Without stable trade agreements, the future of U.S. dairy farming is looking increasingly fragile.</p><figure id="figure-dilfyrnx5am8d7xk08"><img id="dilfyrnx5am8d7xk08" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1291074421/photo/farm-with-cows-on-foggy-morning-in-winter.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=vrZH4kpH6fQX6J6LVTPCyi4i9cNU2d-ERTTOO8EUzbc=" alt="Farm with cows on foggy morning in Winter" title="Farm with cows on foggy morning in Winter" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1291074421/photo/farm-with-cows-on-foggy-morning-in-winter.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=vrZH4kpH6fQX6J6LVTPCyi4i9cNU2d-ERTTOO8EUzbc=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>A Shrinking Workforce: The Labour Shortage Crisis</h3><p>Even if trade issues were resolved overnight, another crisis remains—labour shortages.</p><p>American agriculture has long relied on immigrant workers, particularly for labour-intensive jobs like harvesting. But the availability of these workers has dropped sharply, with new immigrant entries into the sector falling by over 40% in recent years. To make matters worse, the farming workforce is ageing, with the average American farmer now approaching 60 years old and fewer young workers entering the field.</p><p>Immigration policies have only worsened the problem, making it harder for farms to legally hire the labour they need. The H-2A visa programme, designed to provide temporary farmworkers, has grown significantly, but it remains plagued by bureaucratic delays and inefficiencies. Some inspections have even uncovered widespread labour violations, further complicating the situation.</p><p>Without a stable workforce, farms risk seeing crops left unharvested, production slowing, and costs continuing to climb. As food production becomes more difficult, the knock-on effect will be higher prices at the supermarket and increased food waste. If these shortages persist, the long-term sustainability of U.S. farming is in real jeopardy.</p><figure id="figure-pnzoqtrzihm8d7xps7"><img id="pnzoqtrzihm8d7xps7" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2149365137/photo/sustainable-growth-chart.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=LvC78djmKHMGfnn6HaVuqIo6kdEVHgMwNo5ABTytUf8=" alt="Sustainable growth chart" title="Sustainable growth chart" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2149365137/photo/sustainable-growth-chart.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=LvC78djmKHMGfnn6HaVuqIo6kdEVHgMwNo5ABTytUf8=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Fertiliser Costs and Supply Chain Struggles</h3><p>Fertiliser is one of the most crucial inputs in farming, and the U.S. depends heavily on Canadian imports to meet its needs. Nearly 90% of the potash fertiliser used in American agriculture comes from Canada, alongside a significant portion of nitrogen fertiliser.</p><p>However, recent trade disputes have disrupted this essential supply chain. In early 2025, the U.S. introduced 25% tariffs on Canadian potash imports, adding to an already volatile market. Fertiliser prices had already been climbing due to global shortages, and these new tariffs are expected to drive costs up by another 25%.</p><p>For farmers, higher input costs mean tighter profit margins. Many may be forced to scale back production, which in turn could lead to lower crop yields and higher food prices for consumers. If these supply chain disruptions continue, farming will become less profitable, pushing some producers out of business altogether.</p><figure id="figure-s1pmw8quusm8d88j8y" class=""><img id="s1pmw8quusm8d88j8y" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2064449248/photo/grain-silos-surrounded-by-farmland-in-posey-county-indiana-in-fall-aerial.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=gzFCrGYYO0nLJr8kyl7Kb_7qRSXWzUF1rk5Bxon2uEA=" alt="Grain Silos Surrounded by  Farmland  in Posey County, Indiana in Fall - Aerial" title="Grain Silos Surrounded by  Farmland  in Posey County, Indiana in Fall - Aerial" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2064449248/photo/grain-silos-surrounded-by-farmland-in-posey-county-indiana-in-fall-aerial.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=gzFCrGYYO0nLJr8kyl7Kb_7qRSXWzUF1rk5Bxon2uEA=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Addressing the Labour Shortage</h3><p>Labour shortages remain one of the biggest threats to U.S. agriculture. While trade disputes come and go, farming depends on a workforce that is increasingly difficult to secure.</p><p>For decades, farms have relied on foreign workers to do jobs that are often physically demanding and seasonal in nature. However, many of these workers still lack legal status, creating uncertainty for both employees and employers.</p><p>Even with the previously mentioned H-2A visa programme, which allows seasonal workers into the U.S., farmers continue to struggle with inefficiencies, delays, and added costs. Reports of poor working conditions have also raised concerns, highlighting the need for reforms that protect both farmworkers and farm owners.</p><p>Without a clear and effective immigration policy, farms will remain in a constant struggle to find reliable workers. If these shortages persist, agricultural production will suffer, leading to increased food prices and greater reliance on imports.</p><figure id="figure-wqazp4z2km8d8a9c4" class=""><img id="wqazp4z2km8d8a9c4" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1892041843/photo/american-politics-and-policy-legalize-marijuana.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=5SK3Ya_wptEQqfoSJd9m4Vwl6bzB9wn8euEFxxWs0BE=" alt="American Politics and Policy - Legalize Marijuana" title="American Politics and Policy - Legalize Marijuana" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1892041843/photo/american-politics-and-policy-legalize-marijuana.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=5SK3Ya_wptEQqfoSJd9m4Vwl6bzB9wn8euEFxxWs0BE=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>A Path Forward</h3><p>The challenges facing U.S. agriculture are significant, but with the right policies, the industry can regain stability and long-term sustainability. Addressing these key areas will be crucial:</p><ul><li><strong>Fairer trade policies: </strong>Farmers need reliable and predictable market access without the constant threat of tariffs and retaliatory measures. Trade agreements should safeguard agricultural exports and foster stable, fair international relationships.</li><li><strong>Addressing EU trade barriers: </strong>The EU remains a major market, yet strict regulations limit U.S. exports. Negotiating better trade terms—particularly on hormone-treated meat and dairy—could unlock new opportunities. Greater alignment on food standards would improve competitiveness while maintaining high safety measures.</li><li><strong>Strengthening supply chain resilience:</strong> Heavy reliance on imported fertiliser and fuel leaves U.S. agriculture vulnerable. Ensuring affordable access to essential imports through trade agreements and investment in domestic production would reduce dependency and protect farmers from price shocks.</li><li><strong>Fixing the labour crisis: </strong>A stable and legal workforce is vital. Improving the visa system, reducing delays, and providing clearer legal pathways for farmworkers would help farmers secure reliable labour while ensuring fair protections for workers.</li></ul><p><br>By tackling these issues, policymakers can help restore confidence in the sector, safeguard food security, and support the long-term future of American farming.</p><figure id="figure-qvggrajrq3m8dac6va" class=""><img id="qvggrajrq3m8dac6va" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/183887446/photo/farmer-or-rancher-with-laptop-computer-and-cattle.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=eZgJzbDxcbkKqVZH8HrR_np0_ng5rXtZECumD_bJlGA=" alt="Agriculture: Farmer or rancher with laptop Computer and Cattle" title="Agriculture: Farmer or rancher with laptop Computer and Cattle" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/183887446/photo/farmer-or-rancher-with-laptop-computer-and-cattle.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=eZgJzbDxcbkKqVZH8HrR_np0_ng5rXtZECumD_bJlGA=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The pressures on U.S. agriculture—trade disputes, labour shortages, and soaring fertiliser costs—are mounting, making it harder for farmers to stay afloat. If these issues aren’t addressed, the impact will be felt far beyond rural communities, with rising food prices and increasing strain on supply chains.</p><p>Farmers don’t need handouts; they need fair trade policies, stable supply chains, and a reliable workforce to keep their businesses running. That means easing restrictive tariffs, investing in domestic production, and fixing immigration laws so farms can hire the workers they depend on.</p><p>Quick fixes won’t cut it—real action is needed now to stop more farms from closing and to secure the future of U.S. agriculture. Farmers have always been resilient, but they can’t keep going without policies that give them a fair chance to succeed.</p><p><br data-mce-bogus="1"></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

The Growing Concerns of U.S. Farmers: Trade and Labour Challenges

<h3>Introduction</h3><p>Ireland’s beef industry has reached another milestone, with Thailand officially opening its market to Irish beef. This is a huge step forward, further strengthening Ireland’s presence in Southeast Asia and bringing the number of international markets for Irish beef to over 70. For farmers and processors, it means new opportunities and a broader customer base, helping to secure the future of the industry.</p><p>This success hasn’t happened overnight. It’s the result of years of hard work by Irish authorities to expand trade opportunities and create long-term prospects for the sector. It also comes hot on the heels of Ireland securing access to South Korea’s beef market last year, proving that the country’s efforts to develop new export routes are paying off. With demand for premium beef rising in Thailand, this is yet another win for Irish agriculture.</p><figure id="figure-rz51xo8em831bp3z"><img id="rz51xo8em831bp3z" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1831720950/photo/ground-beef-im-market-display.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=J-uA7rCuyyUwBzZ-Ut6GxqYSBcCgi_mL3k0qDuVziL0=" alt="Ground beef im market display" title="Ground beef im market display" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1831720950/photo/ground-beef-im-market-display.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=J-uA7rCuyyUwBzZ-Ut6GxqYSBcCgi_mL3k0qDuVziL0=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>What This Means for Irish Farmers and Processors</h3><p><br>Thailand’s decision to import Irish beef is a major opportunity for the sector. The country has a population of over 65 million, and as incomes rise, so too does demand for high-quality beef. More consumers are looking for premium imported meat, and Ireland’s reputation for grass-fed, sustainably produced beef makes it a great fit for this expanding market.</p><p>Ireland has already established a strong food export relationship with Thailand. In 2023, Irish dairy exports to the country were worth €55 million, accounting for over 95% of all Irish food and drink exports there. Now, with beef added to the mix, this relationship is set to grow even stronger. Irish exporters will be able to tap into Thailand’s thriving restaurant and retail sector, where imported beef is becoming increasingly popular.&nbsp;</p><p>For Irish farmers, gaining access to Thailand brings more security by reducing reliance on traditional European markets. With the ever-changing landscape of global trade, having a wide network of buyers is crucial. The Thai market not only offers new business opportunities but also makes the Irish beef sector more resilient to global economic fluctuations and trade policy shifts.</p><figure id="figure-uoyn44u6qrm831ge2i" class=""><img id="uoyn44u6qrm831ge2i" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1437254841/photo/italy-tuscany-florentine-steak.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=N84jO6nAePvluYsOZRjqfoOrUPD4ztETQYavPySbI9o=" alt="Italy - tuscany - florentine steak" title="Italy - tuscany - florentine steak" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/1437254841/photo/italy-tuscany-florentine-steak.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=N84jO6nAePvluYsOZRjqfoOrUPD4ztETQYavPySbI9o=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>A Step Forward in Ireland’s Global Beef Trade</h3><p><br>Thailand’s decision to open its doors to Irish beef is part of a much bigger picture. Ireland has been steadily expanding its beef exports, with last year’s breakthrough into the South Korean market marking another major achievement. These wins highlight the growing global demand for high-quality, sustainable beef and confirm Ireland’s status as a key player in international beef trade.</p><p>The numbers speak for themselves. In 2024, the value of Ireland’s beef exports increased by 6%, reaching an impressive €2.8 billion. This growth reflects not only strong international demand but also Ireland’s ability to compete on the global stage.</p><p>With Irish beef now reaching over 70 countries, the industry is well-positioned to continue expanding. Asia, in particular, presents a huge opportunity, with demand for high-quality imported beef set to rise in the coming years. Irish beef’s premium reputation, thanks to its grass-fed nature, strict traceability standards, and strong sustainability credentials, makes it an attractive choice for international buyers.</p><figure id="figure-h0w9enbdzm831talu" class=""><img id="h0w9enbdzm831talu" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/496626656/photo/farmer-and-financial-advisor.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=i3KniWohyQfVT_bVuDKnDz87bdfpuaf4FZnJyZVIL9U=" alt="Farmer and Financial Advisor" title="Farmer and Financial Advisor" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="null" data-positiony="null" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/496626656/photo/farmer-and-financial-advisor.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=i3KniWohyQfVT_bVuDKnDz87bdfpuaf4FZnJyZVIL9U=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Why Market Expansion Matters</h3><p><br>For Ireland’s beef industry to remain sustainable in the long run, market diversification is key. While the domestic market remains strong, exports are essential for maintaining stable prices and ensuring farmers have a secure income.</p><p>Opening up new markets like Thailand spreads risk and reduces dependency on any single region. It also helps future-proof the industry against unexpected challenges such as Brexit-related trade shifts, changing EU regulations, or economic downturns. The more diverse the customer base, the more stable the industry becomes.</p><p>Thailand’s decision to import Irish beef could also create a ripple effect, leading to further opportunities in Southeast Asia. As Ireland builds its reputation in Thailand, other countries in the region—such as Vietnam, the Philippines, and Malaysia—may take notice, potentially paving the way for even more trade agreements.</p><figure id="figure-6bysa9hou8m8329laf" class=""><img id="6bysa9hou8m8329laf" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2189408766/photo/head-of-an-irish-cow-on-a-meadow-along-the-northern-ireland-coast.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=w4uF_NVGRoFz6tCPTlGHuXhROLcTmoI8UkOeo1fVXHk=" alt="head of an Irish cow on a meadow along the Northern Ireland coast" title="head of an Irish cow on a meadow along the Northern Ireland coast" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/2189408766/photo/head-of-an-irish-cow-on-a-meadow-along-the-northern-ireland-coast.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=w4uF_NVGRoFz6tCPTlGHuXhROLcTmoI8UkOeo1fVXHk=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>How Farmers and Processors Can Make the Most of This Opportunity</h3><p><br>With Thailand now open to Irish beef, farmers and processors have a new market to tap into. However, to truly capitalise on this opportunity, a strategic approach is needed. Key steps include:</p><ul><li><strong>Understanding Thai Market Preferences: </strong>Knowing what Thai consumers are looking for in terms of cuts, quality, and packaging will help exporters tailor their offerings.</li><li><strong>Meeting Export Standards: </strong>Ensuring that all beef meets Thailand’s food safety and certification requirements will be essential for smooth trade.</li><li><strong>Building Relationships with Importers:</strong> Establishing strong partnerships with Thai distributors, retailers, and food service providers will help secure a long-term presence in the market.</li><li><strong>Exploring Value-Added Products: </strong>While standard beef exports will be a key focus, there may also be opportunities to introduce processed or branded Irish beef products to Thai consumers.</li></ul><p>By taking these steps, the Irish beef industry can maximise the benefits of this new trade route and build a lasting presence in Thailand.</p><figure id="figure-yu9hfz2xum832czzg" class=""><img id="yu9hfz2xum832czzg" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/519087080/photo/chinatown-bangkok-thailand.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Zs3raRGZBLAVliRziuFLRxrNYbFzuKnvINy4tHi2dac=" alt="Chinatown Bangkok Thailand" title="Chinatown Bangkok Thailand" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/519087080/photo/chinatown-bangkok-thailand.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=Zs3raRGZBLAVliRziuFLRxrNYbFzuKnvINy4tHi2dac=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion&nbsp;</h3><p><br>Thailand’s decision to import Irish beef is another big step forward for Ireland’s agricultural sector. With over 70 global markets now open to Irish beef, the industry is in a strong position to continue growing and adapting to shifting global demands.</p><p>This isn’t just about one new market, it’s part of a long-term strategy to future-proof Ireland’s beef sector. By continuing to strengthen trade ties, invest in sustainable farming, and maintain world-class food safety standards, Ireland is ensuring its beef remains a top choice for international buyers.</p><p>At The Informed Farmer Consultancy, we understand how vital global trade is to the future of Irish agriculture. As demand for premium beef rises worldwide, it’s more important than ever for farmers, processors, and policymakers to work together to seize new opportunities.</p><p>By staying competitive, embracing sustainability, and building strong international partnerships, the Irish beef industry is set for continued success on the world stage.</p><p><br></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

Thailand Opens Market to Irish Beef: A Boost for Ireland’s Beef Industry

Beekeepers working in an apiary. Male beekeeper teaches woman caring for bees.

<h3>Introduction</h3><p>Ireland’s beekeepers are sounding the alarm over the future of the country’s native dark European honey bee (Apis mellifera mellifera). This hardy species, perfectly adapted to Ireland’s often unpredictable climate, is facing an existential threat due to the increasing presence of non-native honey bees. The introduction of foreign bees is leading to hybridisation, the spread of disease, and growing competition for already limited resources.</p><p>As an island nation, Ireland has long been a stronghold for this unique subspecies, but that status is now under threat. If action isn’t taken soon, we risk losing the dark honey bee, along with the invaluable role it plays in pollination, biodiversity, and food production. The warning signs are already clear, with nearly one-third of Ireland’s wild bee species edging closer to extinction.</p><figure id="figure-naa99vpdc9m82zvygb" class=""><img id="naa99vpdc9m82zvygb" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/24RFEjA7OcGZeEDGiGGRVsqRGtMznGwSX0VGsxmu8XbmaWJ4DBdT1FcSYIXcbW5t.jpeg" alt="dark bee" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/24RFEjA7OcGZeEDGiGGRVsqRGtMznGwSX0VGsxmu8XbmaWJ4DBdT1FcSYIXcbW5t.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>A Unique Species Under Threat</h3><p><br>The dark European honey bee is not just another honey bee; it is a crucial part of Ireland’s natural heritage. Over centuries, it has evolved to thrive in our cool, damp climate, making it far more resilient to Irish weather than imported bees, which often struggle without extra care. Unlike non-native species, the dark bee has adapted to survive on the seasonal availability of Ireland’s flora, making it both a hardy and sustainable pollinator.</p><p>Fortunately, research has shown that the vast majority—97.8%—of honey bees in Ireland are still pure Apis mellifera mellifera. However, a more recent study in 2024 warns that hybridisation with imported bees is a growing issue. Once hybridisation occurs, the unique traits of the dark bee could be lost forever. Bees bred for warmer climates may struggle in Irish weather, requiring more intervention from beekeepers and potentially leading to weaker populations overall.</p><p>Beyond hybridisation, disease is another major concern. Imported bees can bring harmful pathogens and parasites, such as Varroa destructor, a mite that weakens bee colonies and makes them more vulnerable to viruses. While Varroa is already present in Ireland, further imports increase the risk of introducing new, more aggressive strains of disease.</p><p>Competition for food and nesting space is another issue. Foreign bees may be more prolific foragers, taking valuable nectar and pollen from the native honey bee. With habitats already under pressure from land-use changes, every resource matters. If these threats aren’t addressed, the dark European honey bee could face a slow but inevitable decline.</p><figure id="figure-ge26piz2bvm82zw56t" class=""><img id="ge26piz2bvm82zw56t" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2cmtg58ixa1M9mzquQTnxbmbilmDBdRi5R6Boo8CZeUGmGucbw6NRtxxfAHzQ4g6.jpeg" alt="bee pollination" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/2cmtg58ixa1M9mzquQTnxbmbilmDBdRi5R6Boo8CZeUGmGucbw6NRtxxfAHzQ4g6.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>A Wider Pollinator Crisis</h3><p><br>The struggle of the native honey bee is part of a much bigger problem. Across Ireland, more than half of all bee species have seen serious population declines since the 1980s, and nearly a third of the country’s 99 wild bee species are now threatened with extinction. Among them, six are critically endangered, ten are endangered, and fourteen are considered vulnerable.</p><p>The loss of pollinators isn’t just an issue for nature lovers—it’s a crisis for food production and biodiversity. Bees play a fundamental role in pollinating crops like apples, strawberries, and oilseed rape. Without them, yields could drop dramatically, affecting food security and increasing costs for farmers and consumers alike.</p><p>A combination of factors is driving this decline. Habitat loss is one of the biggest challenges, as more wildflower meadows, hedgerows, and natural nesting sites are cleared for development or intensive agriculture. Where bees once thrived, many now struggle to find enough food.</p><p>Pesticide use is another major concern. Although some harmful chemicals have been restricted in the EU, many still pose a danger to pollinators. Even low-level exposure can affect a bee’s ability to forage, navigate, and reproduce.</p><p>Climate change is making things even more unpredictable. Warmer winters mean some bees emerge too early in the year when flowers aren’t yet blooming. Changes in rainfall patterns and temperature fluctuations are also affecting the availability of food sources, creating new challenges for already stressed populations.</p><figure id="figure-sjcbkfr067m82zwap5" class=""><img id="sjcbkfr067m82zwap5" src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/34HA9kB71r2XxE2HBtOfdxaGji0W8FWs2DjDxoYgr8SwAulCGgvs93RFfzHdeCbo.jpeg" alt="bee garden" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;" data-mce-src="https://cdn.durable.co/getty/34HA9kB71r2XxE2HBtOfdxaGji0W8FWs2DjDxoYgr8SwAulCGgvs93RFfzHdeCbo.jpeg" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9;"></figure><h3>Conservation and Policy Changes Needed</h3><p>To protect the dark European honey bee, stricter regulations on bee imports are needed. Some European countries, such as Norway, have already implemented strong measures to prevent the introduction of non-native bees, and Ireland could follow suit by establishing protected conservation zones where only the native dark bee is permitted.&nbsp;</p><p>There is also growing support for increased biosecurity measures to prevent the spread of bee diseases. By improving monitoring and quarantine procedures for imported bees, the risk of disease transmission to native colonies could be significantly reduced.</p><p>Conservation efforts are already underway. The Wild Honey Bee Study, a collaborative research initiative, is assessing the number and distribution of wild honey bee colonies in Ireland to develop targeted conservation strategies. Additionally, the All-Ireland Pollinator Plan is promoting bee-friendly policies and encouraging landowners, councils, and businesses to take action.</p><p>Beyond policy changes, habitat restoration is essential. Farmers, landowners, and local authorities can all play a role in creating environments where bees can thrive. Restoring wildflower meadows, maintaining hedgerows, and reducing pesticide use can all contribute to reversing pollinator declines.</p><figure id="figure-3t7nckpvc2m830de69" class=""><img id="3t7nckpvc2m830de69" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/90917397/photo/worker-bee.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=W0eELO0ajvoZl_uJT_kjoh-f1F9j00K3Ia6oqYPJtXc=" alt="Worker Bee" title="Worker Bee" class="object-cover bg-gray-100" style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/90917397/photo/worker-bee.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=W0eELO0ajvoZl_uJT_kjoh-f1F9j00K3Ia6oqYPJtXc=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>The Role of Farmers, Beekeepers, and Communities in Protecting Pollinators</h3><p><br>While national conservation policies are crucial, local action is just as important. Farmers, beekeepers, and communities all have a vital role to play in protecting Ireland’s pollinators:</p><p><strong>1. Farmers: Supporting Bees Through Sustainable Practices:</strong></p><p>Farmers manage much of Ireland’s landscape, making them key players in pollinator conservation. Simple changes in land management can have a big impact:</p><ul><li><strong>Planting Wildflower Strips and Cover Crops:</strong> Providing a continuous supply of nectar and pollen throughout the year.</li><li><strong>Protecting Hedgerows and Woodland Areas:</strong> These natural habitats offer food and shelter for pollinators.</li><li><strong>Reducing Pesticide Use:</strong> Adopting Integrated Pest Management (IPM) techniques can control pests while minimising harm to bees.</li><li><strong>Providing Nesting Areas:</strong> Leaving patches of bare ground and maintaining stone walls supports wild bee populations.</li></ul><p><br><strong>2. Beekeepers: Preserving the Native Dark Bee:</strong></p><p>Beekeepers play a key role in safeguarding the dark European honey bee:</p><ul><li><strong>Avoiding Non-Native Imports:</strong> Using locally bred bees helps maintain genetic purity.</li><li><strong>Raising Awareness: </strong>Sharing knowledge about hybridisation and sustainable beekeeping practices strengthens conservation efforts.</li><li><strong>Monitoring Colony Health: </strong>Regular hive inspections help detect diseases before they spread.</li><li><strong>Supporting Conservation Initiatives:</strong> Engaging with organisations dedicated to protecting native bee populations.</li></ul><p><br><strong>3. Communities: Creating Bee-Friendly Spaces:</strong></p><p>Even those outside of farming and beekeeping can make a difference:</p><ul><li><strong>Bee-Friendly Gardening:</strong> Planting nectar-rich flowers, reducing lawn mowing, and avoiding pesticides can support pollinators.</li><li><strong>Educating the Next Generation:</strong> Schools and community groups can help raise awareness about the importance of bees.</li><li><strong>Encouraging Local Authorities to Act:</strong> Lobbying councils to plant wildflowers and reduce pesticide use in public spaces.</li><li><strong>Supporting Local Honey Producers:</strong> Choosing local honey helps sustain beekeepers who are dedicated to protecting native bee populations.</li></ul><p><br>When communities come together to support pollinators, even small changes can have a lasting impact.</p><figure id="figure-e8xo83covm830jrp9" class=""><img id="e8xo83covm830jrp9" src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/118251949/photo/honeybee-on-purple-phacelia-tanacetifolia-flower.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=YeWvIs4KkvfU0tGge2jvStqvKfi_B18iiq3NKFGp_Mk=" alt="Honeybee on purple Phacelia Tanacetifolia flower" title="Honeybee on purple Phacelia Tanacetifolia flower" class="object-cover bg-gray-100 " style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;" data-corners="default" data-aspect="16:9" data-caption="" data-positionx="undefined" data-positiony="undefined" data-fullwidth="false" data-mce-src="https://media.gettyimages.com/id/118251949/photo/honeybee-on-purple-phacelia-tanacetifolia-flower.jpg?b=1&amp;s=2048x2048&amp;w=0&amp;k=20&amp;c=YeWvIs4KkvfU0tGge2jvStqvKfi_B18iiq3NKFGp_Mk=" data-mce-style="aspect-ratio: 16/9; object-position: center center;"></figure><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The dark European honey bee is at a critical turning point. Without immediate action, this vital pollinator could be lost, leading to serious consequences for biodiversity, food production, and agriculture. However, there is still time to reverse the damage. By strengthening regulations on bee imports, protecting habitats, and promoting sustainable farming, Ireland can ensure the survival of its native honey bee.</p><p>At The Informed Farmer Consultancy, we are committed to promoting sustainable solutions that benefit both agriculture and the environment. As policymakers, farmers, and conservationists work together to tackle the threats facing Ireland’s pollinators, we must all play our part in protecting one of Ireland’s most valuable natural assets.</p><p>By taking action now, we can ensure that the dark European honey bee continues to thrive, securing a brighter future for Irish agriculture, biodiversity, and the generations to come.</p><p><br data-mce-bogus="1"></p><p>*By Anne Hayden MSc., Founder, The Informed Farmer Consultancy.</p>

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